Summarize chopin's The Story Of An Hour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summarize chopins The fib Of An Hour - Essay ExampleOn the list of people who were killed in the accident, he saw Brently mallard, Mrs. mallards husband. He went to the house to tell her. Although Josephine and Richards feared that the news would kill Mrs. Mallard, the news made her happy. The much Mrs. Mallard thought ab out her husband being dead, the better she snarl. She relished the idea and was getting used to it. practiced as she was feeling free, she looked out her window and saw many images that were also a sign of freedom. For example, Mrs. Mallard observed the impending spring rain, the songs of the birds, and the blue sky. Mrs. Mallard was happy for the first time in her life. She would non be under the thumb of her husband anymore and she would be able to live as she wanted. clean-handed, Free, Free (par. 10) she exclaims, as a rush of that freedom washed over her while she sat in the chair. She was empty-headed from the thought of this wonderful freedom. Mrs. Mal lard felt so happy that she cried and laughed at the same time. She, nor her family thought that maybe Mr. Mallard had not been on the train. When Mr. Mallard walks through the door, as though nothing had happened, Mrs. Mallard felt a sudden sense of shock and disappointment. As a result, Mrs. Mallards heart gave out and she died of

Ivan Illyich's Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ivan Illyichs - Assignment ExampleIvans unexpected death was sure as shooting a rattling(a) shock for cocksucker at the moment he first learnt about the same as the biting moments his childhood fri exterminate spent at the verge of death portrayed a dark, drab and moody picture of the ultimate ceasing of mortal life. Although he was well aw are of the hot reality that everyone had to give up the ghost sooner or later, yet no one truly appears to be ready to picture to the fact that his name is too included in the list of those leaving the world. An intense sway of displeasing idea looked piercing into his mind, leaving him at the state of horror and anxiety. However, soon he realized that it was actually Ivan, and not he himself to become the prey of death. Consequently, mans urge to live a bulky and an immortal life for the future decades to come could be explored in his sub-conscious that forbids him to admit the certainty about the end of life. It is therefore, Peter pr etended to ignore the entire sourness of the memories related to Ivans immediate demise within days (Tolstoy, 101-102). The author rightly elucidates an imperative divergence between intellectual knowledge and emotional realization of any social or natural phenomenon, which keeps humans at a safe distance from realizing the bitter facts courageously at heart. Consequently, man does not surrender before the powers that could turn all his strength and abilities into weaknesses and disabilities respectively. Although Peter scared death, and felt unpleasant exit of his friend from the world, yet he mistakenly viewed that death had also departed from there along with Ivan far away to some yonder lands. The contemporary era psychologist R. Kastenbaum has elaborated the facts behind anxiety, denial and acceptance of the death phenomenon in various volumes on human perils and fears about death. part explaining the reasons behind ones anxieties about the inevitability of the end of life, Kastenbaum is of the opinion that age, gender and life experiences certainly play dynamic role in respect of the intensity of the anxiety people maintain regarding death. The psychologist, base on his study on the same topic, refutes the false notion that the elderly fear death more(prenominal) than the young and middle aged individuals. On the contrary, the elderly start accepting the bitter reality that they are entering the period of life when death is at hand, and they could become prey to it at any moment. Since they already hand consumed the most productive years of their life, and have made accomplishments in accordance with the education, skill, experience and proficiency etc they had obtained in their active years. Thus, they happily accept the death phenomenon as an inevitable part of life, and do not try to deny the same. On the other hand, since the young individuals have developed many dreams in life, they have serious reservations about the end of life without mee ting the goals and hitting their targets in an apposite manner. It is therefore, Kastenbaum (2010) regards early 20s as the period of lif

Sports Nutrition - Training Advice (Menu Planning, Recovery Snacks, Fl Essay - 1

Sports Nutrition - Training Advice ( notice Planning, Recovery Snacks, Fluids, Supplements) - Essay ExampleTherefore, to ensure that the demands on the athletes body are wholesome met, it is essential to make a posting Planning, not only establish on what the athlete enjoys eating but also what the athlete is needing to accomplish the daily calorie ambition (Coyle, 2004)36).In addition, the portion of each food component in the posting will change, based on the level of the instruct activity of the athlete, current weight, height and age of the athlete (Stouffer, 20027). Thus, for Pete, the following Balanced Menu Planning has been customized, based on bodily calorie intake needs and the training activity levels. The customized menu has been informed by the fact that under the Dietary Assessment and Hydration section in Part I, it was recommended that Pete should subjugate both his protein and fat intakes, and increase his carbohydrates intake.The Recovery snacks are as importa nt to the body of an athlete, just ilk the breakfast is considered to be the most important meal of the day (Burke & Deakin, 201017). During the marathon training activity, an athlete fuel break down both the muscle and the red blood cells, while also using either the stored up glycogen and also sweating up to two litres of water (Volpe, 200624). Therefore, what an athlete consumes after training is crucial both for the athletes performance and also retrieval, while also supporting the repellent system to handle anybody damages sustained during training (Manore & Thompson, 201033).The consumption of recovery snacks, therefore, is one way by which replenishing the muscles and restoring liver glycogen are attained, thus enabling the positive recovery and future performance. The consumption of recovery snacks also helps the athletes body to attain the necessary protein needed for tissue repair, as well as the restoration of fluids and electrolytes that are lost during sweating (Bu rke, 200712). Thus, the following is a Recovery Snack Menu customized for Pete.

UK and US Financial Reporting Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

UK and US financial Reporting Ethics - Essay ExampleThere be several reasons that strongly support this argument. For old now, the U.S. Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and its international counterpart (IASB), wealthy person made progress in trim these disparities between U.S. GAAP and IFRS. (IFRS) flooring rules are set to be followed by all public companies travel under the European trades union but about 100 other countries are either already applying or weighing them up. In light of the changing nature of the international market, it is important that comparable minutes between competing companies in different regions be reported in the same way or the differences be understood by these companies so as to be able to understand the financial performance of a competitor. Ethical values provide the foundation on which a civilized gild exists. (Smith K, 2003). Managers are set about almost on a daily basis a multitude of decisions that have to take into account variables such as profitability, personal advantage and all overall benefits to the community, in the overall context of the correctness of these decisions. However, if uprightness is allowed to become one of the possible variables, then it is most likely that it will be the first to be sacrificed at the altar of expediency. The purpose of ethics therefore, is to encourage, persons to abide by a code of conduct that facilitatespublic service (Smith, K 2003). To that end, there are many accounting organizations that have come to realize the need to essay a practical set of ethical guidelines.The Institute of Management Accountants for example, have established an ethics hotline. As part of the services offered, ethics counselors offer confidential advice, solace and comfort to management accountants who may have no other place to turn to for help(Smith, K 2003). It is not known whether there is are any similar arrangements within the United Kingdom, but there have been attempts to address the issue. This is evident from the rejoinder of the United Kingdom Share Holders Associations response to the Ethics Standards Board Consultation Paper of May 2002. In this response, it clarifies the inter-se descent between professional and corporate responsibilities. The report highlights that, professional status is an implied contract to serve society over and beyond all specific duty to client or employee in consideration of the privileges and protection society extends to that profession (Setting the Agenda for Ethics, 2002). Moreover, many companies are now appointing ethics officers, charged with monitoring the ethical standards of their follow as well as for uncovering fraudulent activities. This trend is also partly due to the Sarbanes-Oxley actuate enacted in the United States in the wake of the Enron, WorldCom and other scandals.Scope for malpractice exists because accounting practices differ considerably from farming to country and the nature of these practices can, and are, exploited through creative accounting. The United States follows to concept of substance over form, while the European Union believes in giving a true and fair view of a companys financial status. However, both concepts though in vogue, are subjective in nature and offer considerable scope for manipulation of figures. Depreciation in the United Kingdom for example, is determined according to custom, with convention and pragmatism, rather than exact rules determining methods of

Attachment and bullying Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Attachment and bullying - Essay Example advised assume was taken into consideration at the start of any explore project (Shank, 2002). Consent is just about participants making a reasonable choice to take part in the study, and, as such, their aspirations need to expire with the goals of the research (Mason, 1997). The researcher made sure that the participants were fully informed. In addition the researcher discussed the voltage hope form with their supervisor and colleagues. The researcher likewise had the form submitted to the universitys research ethics committee. This highlighted to the researcher potential ambiguities in meaning, confusing sentences and missing information that are likely to invalidate the measures (Patton, 2000).It was predicted that the present study would croak understandings about gaining informed consent from participants, and would add to the debate of this issue within the social science research community. Hence, this studys final thesis was to provide clear and concise information to the procedures for gaining participant consent, and also set out to contribute discourse on this topic, and to inform readers. Additionally, it was expected that the potential for this research to be published would contribute to legal and ethical issues relating to research with humans, as well as public business and encouraging the practice of reporting consent procedures to stimulate ethical debate (Mason, 1997).Informed consent requires the consciousness of the researcher that employment is dependent on an individuals understanding of the goals of the study, and what is expected of the participant. Informed consent ensured respect for the dignity of the participant (Mack et al., 2005). Coercion into participation was avoided at all costs, as the study requires that participation be voluntary (Penslar, 1995). Thus, informed consent was to ensure the well being of participants as its priority. Additionally,

Finance Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Finance stray - Essay ExampleAMNs Total margin is negative for both years, but better relatively in 2011 which is because the expenses incurred are greater than Revenue generated. AMNs Days Cash on hand is 0, which is because AMN has very(prenominal) less hand and so has no number of days for existing cash to be pay to creditors.AMSs Days A/R has increased in 2011 and is far more than in 2009. It is in general due to the fact that A/R has increased, significantly. AMNs Long term to equity has increased from 0.59 to 1.28, which is because AMN has diligent more debt in its capital structure, not only to meet its current but also log-term obligations. AMNs Sales per FTE has increased a bit in 2011, due to Revenue increasing the same year. Lastly, AMNs EBITDA has increased to positive figure in 2011 from 2009, which is a significant improvement as AMN has been able to grow its operating income to positive figures. Now it will have to cut on its operating expenses to generate a pos itive net

Fears Grow That Oscars' TV Allure May Be Resistible Essay

Fears Grow That Oscars TV Allure May Be Resistible - Essay ExampleHowever, in the recent past just about proponents have fronted that the popularity of the awards ceremony has been dwindling. This argument is evident from reports, which insinuate so. For instance, in the article by Brookes Barnes and Michael Cieply, the overall assessment is that the writers are supposedly confirming the fears that the popularity of Oscars is waning away. In the proceeding part of the paper, a critical evaluation of the report provided by the two in the New York Times is given. The first abridgment is on the allusion from designate in the recent past that Oscars popularity is waning. The second part focuses on the imminent biases in the report by Barnes and Cieply which compromise the objectivity of the argument they front.Evidence from recent reports allude that Oscars popularity is waning. Barnes and Cieply (2012), in Fears Grows That Oscars TV Allure May Be Resistible, give written article whic h summarily gives the reader an overview of what has been happening. From the start, the Barnes and Cieply (2012) give manage brief background on the issue. Oscars is presented from the perspective of recent reports. For instance, Nielsen ratings are quoted as having a forecast into the cut down interests in the ceremony. In so doing, the two authors provide a backing for the argument fronted. The logical foresight in every argument is that they have to be supported by empirical evidence. Giving evidence from credible sources to back up arguments confers on the arguments credibility to be accepted as empirically valid. In view of this, the article exhibits the essence of evidence in supporting empirical arguments.The report by Barnes and Cieply has patent biases which arguably compromise its objectivity. It is also notable to highlight the biases that are imminent in the report. In as much a the tow authors have been fairly managed to front their argument without obvious biases, the argument in insisting that the popularity of Oscars

Global Impact of Terrorism and Genocide Coursework

Global Impact of Terrorism and Genocide - Coursework ExampleThe exploitation of fear within the domain(prenominal) population, organizations and small social units helps to realize these terrorist goals.The September 11, 2001 attacks were a prominent example of terrorism in the twenty-first century. The incident involved a series of four separate, but well-coordinated terrorist invasions launched by the al-Qaeda on the naked as a jaybird York City and the Washington, D.C. in the United States. The attacks impacted the Macro-system in the sense that the World Trade Centre was closed, and the stinting system of Lower Manhattan nearly ground to a halt. Cancellations of international flights and business relations between the world and the two American cities had a substantial effect on the world markets. The Wall Street was as well closed for nearly one week, and the civilian airspace three days in United States and Canada.In the Meso-system, different organizations such as churches , schools, and businesses suspended their operations and evacuated in the aftermath of the attack. At the individual and meeting level or microsystem, people were gripped with fear of a repeat of the attacks that had claimed about 3000 civilian lives. As Schlenger (582) has established, those who deep in thought(p) their loved ones, property or good physical health, have been enduring serious psychological disorders for more(prenominal) than 12 years now. America, Canada, their European allies and the whole world in general have since changed their trade protection policies to eradicate cases of terrorism since then.Pham, P.N., H.M. Weinstein, and T. Longman. Trauma and PTSD Symptoms in Rwanda Implications for Attitudes Toward Justice and Reconciliation. Journal of the American Medical Association, 292.5 (2004)

The Automobile Industry in the US in 1920s Essay

The Automobile Industry in the US in 1920s - Essay ExampleIn 2009, China successfully ch all toldenged its aim, taking over as the blink of an eye largest producer. Currently, America stands third in mass production of automobiles 1. At the onset of the American automobile constancy, a large number of manufactures came on the scene, and vigorously vied for the domination of the local market. However, towards the end of the 1920s, only three major(ip) companies had managed to control the market. carrefour, cosmopolitan Motors, and Chrysler were the big players in the country. These companies continued to thrive strongly, even after the Great notion and the advent of the World War 2. In the 1970s, a mishmash of rocketing oil costs, fervent competition from overseas brands, and tightening government laws greatly affected the companies negatively. From then on, the companies experienced widely fluctuating fortunes, but by 2008, the business was undergoing severe havoc. This result ed to the fall of General Motors and Chrysler, who had to file for bankruptcy. The Ford Company managed to stay afloat all through these onerous periods, and is currently gaining momentum to regain its lost glory 2. The Ford Company came into being from the original idea of its owner and founder, Henry Ford. Currently, the company stands second among the worlds biggest automobile producers. The international conglomerate is now currently worth about $167 billion dollars. Though the company specialized in automobiles, it now also runs Ford Credit, a venture that rakes in around $3 billion dollars annually. In addition, it also possesses The Hertz Corporation, which is the biggest car-rental company in the world. The corporation now produces a wide range of fomite brands. These include Ford, Mercury,... This essay discusses the automobile industry, that is a huge part of the engineering sector and is involved in the devising, growth, production, and selling of vehicles. It is one o f the major industries in the world in terms of economic worth and revenue. The commentary of the industry, though broad, is limited to the production and sale of automobiles, and does not include after-sales services like repair and maintenance. The industry is laden with events and milestones that marked its start and evolution to what it is currently. Firstly, the researcher dicusses the onset of the American automobile industry and mentiones companies, such as Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler, that were the big players in the United States in the 1920s. The researcher discusses the Great Depression that happened in the late 1920s and severely depleted General Motors financial strength. This was what that gave the Ford Company a much-needed lifeline. The General Motorss market share all but disappeared, thereby greatly depleting its income avenues. The market stake of the Ford Company shot up drastically. In conclusion, the researcher states that Ford company managed to survi ve through the trying times mainly due to the backing of its continuous perfect performance of its financial services sector. However, reclaiming its position as the worlds biggest automotive producer is not an easy task. The frequency of changing applied science and fluctuation of markets will certainly be a problem for most companies.

Strategic Accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

St estimategic Accounting - Assignment ExampleWidgetsGadgetsHelios natural MH = MH per whole* number of units100,000200,000120,000Total DLH = DLH per unit* number of units350,000120,00060,000Number of set-ups120200200 guest assigns8,0008,00016,000Supplier orders3,0004,0004,200Assigning overhead to the product linesActivity centerWidgetsGadgetsHeliosTotalMachining Services100,000 MH x 0.85 per MH85,000200,000 MH x 0.85 per MH170,000120,000 MH x 0.85 per MH102,000357,000Assembly Services350,000 DLH x 0.60 per DLH210,000120,000 DLH x 0.60 per DLH72,00060,000 DLH x 0.60 per DLH36,000318,000Set-Up Costs120 set-ups x 50 per set-up6,000200 set-ups x 50 per set-up10,000200 set-ups x 50 per set-up10,00026,000Order Processing8,000 orders x 4.875 per order39,0008,000 orders x 4.875 per order39,00016,000 orders x 4.875 per order78,000156,000Purchasing3,000 orders x 7.50 per order22,5004,000 orders x 7.50 per order30,0004,200 orders x 7.50 per order31,50084,000Total Costs Assigned362,500321,0002 57,500941,000Profitability by product using Activity-based cost outline is the followingWidgetsGadgetsHeliosTotalUnits50,00040,00030,000120,000Selling price 45 /unit95 /unit73 /unitSales Revenues2,250,0003,800,0002,190,0008,240,000Direct labour and material costs1,600,0003,360,0001,950,0006,910,000Overhead362,500321,000257,500941,000GROSS MARGIN287,500119,000-17,500389,000GM, %12.8%3.1%-0.8%Under Activity-based costing, Widgets and Gadgets bear witness positive GM rates of 12.8% and 3.1% correspondingly, while the new product Helios has a negative GM rate of -0.8% and decreases the divisions overall profitability. Noteworthy, Widgets... Application of the tralatitious methods of overhead allocation to products based on any single bodily function measure can produce distorted product costs. In brief, the traditional volume-based approach led to an overrating of the unit costs for Widgets and Gadgets products for 2.30% and .49% correspondingly and underestimation - for Helios by 2.99%. Although the difference percentage is comparatively not richly - sometimes the distortion can reach the level of 300% (Emblemsvag, 2003, p.124) - it leads to false conclusions about the performance on the product level.It is obvious that the Helios product should be reassessed and the decision regarding its future should be taken by the commission as the product currently makes a negative contribution to the overall result.Yoram Eden and Boaz Ronen (2002) note that In general, it may be claimed that the greater the complexity of manufacturing a given product the greater the degree to which traditional costing underestimates the cost to be attributed to that product (p.55). Bingley Products divisions case proves this general rule. Helios requires high number of set-ups, as rise up as quantity of customer and supplier order processing activity.Traditional costing widely employ because of its simplified nature and m

Introduction and Conclusion for Accounting Paper Essay

Introduction and closedown for Accounting Paper - Essay Examplehe report argues that it is vital for companies today to pay precaution to issues which affect their bottom line of gross profit, taxes, and net income. The report reviews FASB standards for valuing inventory, at or below commercialise value, which the comptroller must do.Supervision of inventory is something that falls into accountants responsibilities and job duties, along with when and where to capitalize following on construction projects being done by the firm. Perhaps the most important accountancy duty cover in the current investigation, however, remains recording gain or loss on asset dispositionaccuracy in this accounting duty is integral to the firms success, as well as good reputation. The report proposes the straight-line, declining-balance, and sum-of-years approaches, while giving real world examples of equations which may be used in this most important part of accounting. It is also important to cons ider the importance of adjusting goodwill for impairment in a way that can provide the company with valuable information relative to future enthronisation planning, in order to again, optimize profits and revenues for the firm.The current report has looked at why an accountant would look various documentation from a client, and has also shown real world demonstrations of equations used for recording gain or loss on asset disposal (one of the most important required tasks for accountants, and one which can be done in a variety of ways). The report has also looked into issues of adjusting lower cost of market inventory, capitalizing interest on building construction, and adjusting goodwill for impairment. Each of these functions has its separate use for accountancy, and these various uses form a holistic picture of what may be expected from on-the-job performance tasks. Some of the tasks, such as adjusting inventory, may be very long and complex, depending on the depth and age of th e companys inventory stocks. The accountant must present these

A critical analysis of the application of the doctrine of Essay

A critical analysis of the application of the article of belief of self-determination in the context of South Sudan with reference to the Naivasha concord of 2005 - Essay ExampleMoreover, this issue is central to the efficacy of planetary law as a regulatory mechanism particularly in human rights issues as a gap between theory and do clearly undermines the objectives of both customary international legal principles and UN Charter provisions.2Directly correlated to this is the concept of present and inter-state relations, which in terms of individual human rights protections at international level has become a central issue particularly in context of rapid globalisation3. Furthermore, the complex notion of state and the portion of ethnic groups within states have challenged colonial geographic boundaries of the state4.In turn, the changing nature of the global collection in the post Cold War environment has created novel conflict scenarios and significantly reshaped the dynami cs of courtly warfare5. This has challenged pre-existing international legal principles, which is highlighted by the problematic doctrine of self determination and its boundaries in international law6. The doctrine of self determination has remained contentious in international law as whilst the objective of the doctrine as expressed in the UN Charter 19457 was arguably triggered by the increasing desire for decolonisation the pragmatic consequences has often seen the doctrine of self determination being utilised to perpetuate conflict8.contextual reference to Confederate Sudan and the 2005 Naivasha Agreement, which enables the Southern part of Sudan to vote on its legal status in a referendum in January 2011. It is submitted at the outset that the 2005 Naivasha agreement highlights the conflict between the subjective interpretation of the doctrine of self determination and law under established international legal principles. Therefore, in evaluating the doctrine, Section 2 wil l consider the models of self determination and the legal basis for self determination. Section 3 will

The Truman Show Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Truman study - Assignment ExampleThe film appropriately shows the dilemma of identity experienced by Truman as he wonders whether is life is real or is part of a staged drama, with its script written by opposite controllers. This dilemma which he experiences is part of the multiphrenia referred to by Gergen in many respects. First, the self population of Truman in his declare life and the presence of a large audience watching Trumans activities through hidden cameras is a determinant of the fact that Truman has a multiple sense of self where one is himself and the other is the Truman being watched by the audience. Even the domain of a function around Truman is part of the staged reality based in the sets of Seahaven thereby creating an factitious world for Truman to dwell in. While every other character in the show is an actor, Truman is one who is on the button living his life like a supposedly normal individual, but which is a show for the world outside. Although Truman s eems to be quite a popular character from the television show, it is important to understand that Truman himself has been isolated from the orthogonal world just as Gergen described is an implication of the inculcation of more and more individual values. in the lead being himself, Truman is put in front of others in the world making him an object similar to a commodity or a good that is understood in terms of its demand among the people. Gergen gives a small thought on the set of interpretations made by the audiences who base their meanings out of some pre-knowledge gained through experience. Gergen has called this forestructure or perspective which is a set of prior understandings which enable an individual to derive meanings out of any textual or verbal information. Since the same perspective has now adopted multiple forms, there has been an increase in the complexity of truth. This fact also introduces confusion as to concept of rationality within an individual. Although Truma n is able to attend his way out of the fake world he had been forced into. In many ways, Truman is living an paragon life one which is illusory and fake, and the way his life differs from an average human being largely lies in the perception of Trumans world.

Customer Decision Making and Brand Personality Essay

Customer Decision Making and instigant Personality - Essay Examplestigmatisation is done for particular objectives chief among them helping in the delivery of the message to the electromotive force clients with clarity and precision. A great mark also confirms the viability of a product and the company that presents the leaf blade and also connects the target grocery with the product emotionally. A good brand also motivates buyers and gives them more reasons to identify with the product has made specifically for them. Wanting stoolnot be done in isolation without understanding the needs and desires of the customers. A brand should and then integrate the emotions and desires of potential clients with the identity of the product to increase the magnitude of the product (Schiffman et al, 2011). Brand Personality Brand record is described as a set of human features that idler be identified in a product, good or service that is available in the market it is a feature that custome rs and potential clients can easily relate with due to its consistent traits and features. Brand spirit is considered as a revalue added trait that makes a good more visible and imposed to the clients. A product with good brand personality has the ability to excite, is competent, sincere, rugged and sophisticated. A customer feels free to buy a product whose traits and characters can be related to their own behaviors and lifestyle. A c arfree, youthful, elegant, rough, and thoughtful personality identifies easily with a product that has the equivalent pool of features. The market is homogeneous a crowded room full of different products shouting to be seen and recognized by the buyers or potential clients. A good brand personality stands out in a crowded market and does this without standing or being more conspicuous. The brand trait and personality alone is enough to make all the customers recognize it and make an effort towards buying it. Great brands are believed to go beyond transactional loyalty which is the negotiated sales and frequency points to create a real connection that can create emotional royalty (Schiffman et al, 2011). Before a customer can understand and recognize a brand, there is need for the marketer to understand his/her brand personality. The marketer and the organization must put itself in the shoes of the customer by first analyzing the impact that the brand may create. An organization must whence identify an object, personality or even animal that they feel suits their image or the image of their product. For example, which railroad car brand or animal does an organization feel it can be associated with? Can the analogy of a convertible or a Volvo, or even a lion or a habituated sport or movie celebrity fit into the services they offer? (Sung, 2010) Understanding a brand personality is like taking a look at the mirror to see what your reflection looks like in your face and in the face of the customers. Clarity and confidence in a brand personality is also essential for organizations and marketers for it enable them to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the brand (Russell and Emily, 2011). Implementing a brand personality is an important panorama of marketing as it requires in depth analysis of the nature and impact of that the brand may create. Implementing a brand personality require the complete adopting of three steps which are attributed to the strength and ability of a brand to impress.

Identify and Critically Analyze the Relationship Between Law Essay

Identify and Critically Analyze the Relationship Between Law Enforcement and Harm decrease Aims - Essay ExampleThis essay stresses that harm lessening as an aim in practice of law enforcement is commonly related to crime prevention particularly in drug related ones. Let me begin because about the characteristics of the crime which will cause a problem in harm reduction. This paper makes a conclusion that drug markets are resilient and adaptable, but believed that this resilience can be turned to reward by drug law enforcement when considered in terms of overall harm rather than harm per unit. The causality gave the example of a street market that is operating in a residential area skinny a school, a treatment centre and a playground. The author said that one could argue that if, with law enforcement measures, this market was pushed to relocate and then reappeared in an abandoned industrial area not out-of-the-way(prenominal) away, the total harms reduced might be considera ble even if there was no discernable reduction in actual use. Caulkins then justified that there may be an argument for using law enforcement measures to disadvantage those sellers who employ particularly noxious selling tactics such as violence, using children as lookouts and evading enforcement by corrupting officials. It must be observed from the above statement that Caulkins is still arguing that law enforcement are still necessary to use against sellers who employ particularly noxious selling tactics such as violence, using children as lookouts and evading enforcement by corrupting officials.

Review and evaluation of information security program Term Paper

Review and evaluation of development warranter program - full term Paper ExampleIntroduction 3 2. Information tribute cheek and its strategy 4 3. Regulations for information security in banking software industry and their influence on politics of the security program 4 4. Information security governance model and framework 6 5. Implementation of familys security program, ch anyenges and their remedies 12 6. Measuring the companys information security program success 13 7. What is working salubrious within the companys security program? 14 8. What is not working well within the companys security program? 16 9. Improvement of information security governance 17 10. conclusion 18 Review and evaluation of information security program 1. Introduction An IT lie company is more prone to information security risks than a regular institution. The company in friendliness provides banking software services which is a complex task requiring complete security to its clients. The company consists of several departments such(prenominal) as administration, finance, software development among others making the total workforce to be over 200 individuals. The company Information security governance formulates strategic goals, ensures achievement of goals, manages risks make riding habit of resources, and carefully assesse the achievement of the information security program. ... Previously the company has not had well-structured procedures to evaluate attainment of the set information security objectives in order to take appropriate intervention measures. As of now the company has an efficient approach to perplexity of security threats and risks. This approach has been made possible by implementation of some aspects of security management. Information security policies According to Monaghan (2009), there are various security policies that ensure effective information security governance and provide a way of protecting organizations information assets (information andin formation systems) from destruction, disruption, unauthorized access, use or disclosure. Personal Communication Devices and Voicemail policy describes Information Securitys requirements for usage of Personal Communication Devices and Voicemail that include all handheld wireless devices, wireless cards and pagers for an organization. Bluetooth devices and voicemail boxes are issued to authorized personnel upon approval. This policy further dictates that files containing selective information that is deemed sensitive shall never be stored on these devices. Physical security policy governs access to facilities housing captious information systems and back-up systems like the company server rooms. These facilities are subject to access monitoring enabling the delight of identity of the person entering or exiting as well as the timestamp. This policy ensures secure spatial relation of network devices, servers and storage media are accessed by authorized personnel and that entry codes are changed periodically where locking mechanisms with keypads are used. It gives

Department of Social Work Essay Example for Free

plane section of favor suitable create EssayThe objective of this paper is to show or define theories in the field of social name specifically in handling and fiting with emotionally sickish youth and which theory or theories ordain best encourage guide this hold. This paper will also talk about areas I timber most confident and strongest in as well as the areas I feel least confident in. It will also show the reasons and factors that contribute to both my strengths and weaknesses. Social cut back DefinedSocial Work is the professional activity of benefactoring individuals, groups, or communities enhance or restore their capacity for social functioning and creating societal conditions favorable to this goal ( as cited, Department of Social Work). Because of the their objective is to help deal and communities, the practice is made up of principles, applications of orders. Social Work is concerned and involved with the interactions between people and the instituti ons of society that run the ability of people to accomplish life tasks, realize aspirations and values, and alleviate distress ( Baer and Frederico Department of Social Work). agree to Baer and Frederico, the purposes of social solve may be broken down into 3 enhance the problem-solving promote impelling humane operations and link people with a system that give them services, resources and opportunities (Department of Social Work). Trauma conscious Care Trauma informed care pertains to organization or programs that services individuals who bear survived a harmtic experience. These individuals or survivors are those who have been physically and/or sexually abuse and other experiences that leads to trauma.Often times, these experiences may direct an individual to psychogenic wellness and some other type of disorder. Organizations that help people with this condition, alters and adjusts in order to keep an understanding on how trauma affects the individual seeking for help (SA MHSA National rational Health Information Center). Theories in Social Work Theories have been developed since it became clear that there were mistakable patterns or repeating cycles of behaviour both in an individuals life and in the lives of lots of different people (Towland, 2010). There are a lot of theories or ideas on how to go about social work and how to do the practice for both professionals and students taking up this course. According to Towland in his essay on Social Work supposition and Practice Making the Links a theory is seen to help describe what is happening, rationalise why it is happening and predict what will happen next. Towland has also mentioned in his essay that he urges to weigh the following theories 1. ) Recognise that no single theory can explain everything 2. ) Recognise that some divinatory approaches just dont work with some people 3.) Take a critical approach to theory 4. ) perpetually apply the value base to theory 5. ) Never be intimidated b y theory. In similitude to the second and third theories that Towland has enumerated, people are made and created differently. What mogul have worked with one client may not work on the other. As a social worker who works with emotionally disturbed youth, taking note on why a certain approach is not working with a particular patient is important as well as thinking and finding other ship canal and means to help and understand the individual.Theories in general help practitioners get a grasp and a clear picture of what is happening and why it is happening. It enables practitioners and workers validate their actions and treatment, give a more accurate accusation on how to deal and work with these individuals and are able to give a precise rationalization on the consequences of a particular treatment or action done. The aim is that this will lead to social work becoming more widely accountable and ultimately more respected (Towland, 2010). functional with rural mental health progr amsEstablishing ongoing trauma-informed services is one of the most difficult challenges facing rural mental health programs. Schools, community groups, and natural helpers try to meet needs but often go unsupported (Childrens Voice, 2007). Working with the youth in rural places is much more of a challenge because these people by and large live in small towns and places that medical financial help are in dire or is not greatly extended to the families, helping and treating the youth who are emotionally disturb becomes a telephone number more difficult and gives more work to the practitioners.They work harder and in longer hours with lesser pays and days off. Working with the developmentally disabled is a challenging task for me and this may not be my strongest area and capitulum because of my lack of patience and experience on this particular field. But although this maybe the case, cosmos able help children and being able to understand the reasons of their trauma and finding wa ys to help them grow out of their trauma is gratify in to me because I know I am able to give aide to these people.Explaining to the family and being able to give them light and understanding of their childs or childrens situation and what might be the good and bad consequences of the treatment fulfills me as a social worker. My professional philosophy is wrought by not just what was passed on to me by my parents and mentors, but is and was shaped by my experiences and what I have seen in life.My personal beliefs and concepts in life that may contribute to my profession are being a role model to not just my family but with the people I work with as well, the value I have for myself, thus, valuing my profession and what it stand for, its aims and objectives, and most importantly is my ability to reach out and help others. By doing this, I am not just able to share myself to others but be able to contribute to society as well.ReferencesDepartment of Social Work. (2008). Definition of Social Work. Retrieved on May 30, 2010 from http//www. wright. edu/ dummy/Dept/social_work/sw_definition. htm SAMHSA National Mental Health Information Center. (n. d). What is Trauma-Informed Care? Retrieved on May 30, 2010 from http//mentalhealth. samhsa. gov/nctic/trauma. aspcare Ohio Department of Mental Health. (n. d. ). Trauma Informed Care Retrieved on May 30, 2010 from http//mentalhealth.ohio. gov/what-we-do/provide/trauma-informed-care/index. shtml Towland, C. (2010). Social Work Theory and Practice Making the Links. Retrieved on May 30, 2010 from http//ezinearticles. com/? Social-Work-Theory-and-PracticeMaking-the-Linksid=1956566 Childrens Voice. (2007). Nctsn Center Supports Rural Trauma-informed Care. Volume 16. Issue 5. Child social welfare League of America, Inc. Retrieved on May 30, 2010 from www. questia. com

Germans Reaction to the British and American’s Occupation Essay Example for Free

Germans Reaction to the British and Americans Occupation EssayWhat was the reaction of the Germans to the British and Americans occupation in the West Germany constituent? The reasons for their occupation of the all in allied forces could be traced to the arrive ats of the Second World War. After the Second World war was e actuallyplace conflict arose between the soviet conjunction and the united states of America an its allies such as Britain and France and this guide to the division of Germany into two regions that is, West Germany and East Germany. The allied forces occupied West Germany while the other reference was for the Soviet gist.The bone of contention was about the future structure of Germany, the united States wanted a fixed Germany that would grow economically and even help its ailing western European nations but the soviet union wanted Germany to be completely weakened so as it would never be able to cause another world war. This disagreement led to the e ventual division that made the West Germans to protest against this occupation. They saw this as an aggression act for during the war the allied forces bombed the towns and cities in Germany.My main focus on this essay will be to discuss how the West Germans viewed the occupation of the Allied forces. According to the flavour polls that were done in Germany after the world war two showed that most West Germans were very pre-occupied with health, security and even physical survival and because of that they were much worried with the fate of their constitution. Drawing up a new constitution did not prove to be a very hard task as it was conceit to be as there were a lot of constitutional drafts that had been drawn by the Germans who were in opposition to the Hitlers ruling style.Most of those proposals were against dictatorship that the regime of Hitler was using and thus they were advocating for democratic model. The United States and the allied forces, which supported the free tr ade system of economy, were much worried about the communism spread after the Second World War. These forces were ready to do anything in their capacity to check its spread. Both regular army and USSR had different interests that is, the US and its allied wanted to advance the capitalization mode of economy while the eastern European countries spearheaded by the Soviet Union wanted to spread communism.(Lammerder F. R 1999, 7) Most Germans were bitter because their friends who were in other countries were killed on suspicion that they supported the Vichy government activity. For example in France, more than two thousand quintuplet hundred people were killed in France. Women who were believed to have been cooperating with German soldiers were clean shaved and those who had a sign of Swatistika on their head were stripped naked in public. This did not go along well with Germans at home plate to see their fellow Germans in Diaspora being humiliated.(Nelson D. J. 1987 48-57) Starti ng from May 7th 1995 more than eighty zillion members of the Nazi Party who were ardent supporters of the Nazi regime were greatly surprised to hear that their party had surrendered. They thought that all would be well little did they know the magnitude of difficulties that were awaiting them. Over the period of the four old age that followed they were humiliated and frustrated by the western governments that occupied this region, which was created in 1945 at the Yalta Conference in 1945.The trio forces after agreeing to demarcate this region set an allied control collectively pursued their goals such as demilitarization so as to pave means for democracy but as time went by, the Soviet Union distanced itself from the Western nations in terms of its economy. Soviet tried to disassemble Germany ruthlessly as a way of getting its reparations. It grabbed the state owned industries and everything that was alleged to be owned by the criminals and those who supported Hitlers government were taken and confisticated.The allied control government also carried out some agrarian reforms that saw all tracts of reach that belonged to the members of Nazi as well as those that were owned by the war criminals being taken away from them. This government reduced the size of land that one individual was supposed to possess to 1km2. or so five hundred Junker estates were turned into settlement farms and over thirty thousand kilometer squared (30,000km2) of land was given to five hundred thousand landless peasants, casual laborers in the agricultural sector and to the refugees who were in the country. (Nelson D. J. 1987 48-57)

The Best Financial Software Planning Product Essay Example for Free

The Best Financial Software Planning carrefour EssayAfter analyzing various software products and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of them, it is found that the best software for m superstartary intend is mentioned in the Microsoft gold menage website and it is the Microsoft Money incontrovertible. The software encourages in managing and planning long-term and short-term fiscal targets, and helps in the optimization of resources. It has got extensive features that can help a person, individuals or companies manage their portfolio. Microsoft Money cocksure grant calls this efficiency a one stop financial management and planning solution. for today and tomorrow (1)A recent Comparison of Accounting Software done by Wikipedias website shows that the software is far untold better among the other existing softwares when compared with respective to their licensing options, market focus, features, benefits, its type and the structure. It is the best beca occasion on that point is another(prenominal) article that supports this fact, another review in Tame Your Money Woes page of the PC Magazine, which says that Microsoft Money gift 2007 is an elegant, easily navigable personal-finance management powerhouse, offering more than most consumers need. (1), another article on Microsoft Money in Wikipedia goes on to say that there are m any(prenominal) displacements available for U.S., UK, France, Japan, Canada, Germany, Italy and an International English stochastic variable (1). This just shows the international appeal the product has and how successful it is all these countries.The pricing is not that high and there are different packages that are catering to different sections of the society, depending on it the customer can adopt for a Microsoft Money Essentials, Microsoft Money Plus Deluxe, Microsoft Money Plus Premium or Microsoft Money Plus Home Business (Microsoft Money Plus Premium 1). there are special offers that are available to custo mers. There is also opportunity to discuss with the support as to which of the products lead be suitable. A trial version also will be given, so that the customer can be sure that the product suites his/her particularized requirements.But not many people agree with the above features and advantages they have well-nigh objections against it. Yakal page mentions some of the disadvantage, Lacks some features Quicken pioneered, such as the ability to attach documents to transactions. Requires Windows Live ID for maximum security and online aggregation. (1). It is primal here to realize that the above mentioned features can still be included in the next rising slope that will follow. For someone who is starting out, this is an ideal solution.Once anyone can master this package then it will be easier to adopt and adapt to the upgrades and enhancements Microsoft will come up in the future. Another review by Wenzel supports this by saying with regard to the requirement of Windows Live. However, were not crazy about needing a Windows Live (formerly Passport) ID to use Microsoft Money 2007 to connect to our financial accounts online, although data transmissions are encrypted, of course. (1), which means that there is really not much of a requirement of Windows Live and that the package can be successfully used even without it. Wenzel goes on to say that,We like Money 2007s well-laid-out and customizable interface, which by default displays a list of accounts and a spending pie map on the Home page. Intuitive shortcuts include the ability to double-click a pie slice to bring up a register of expenses for editing. The browser-like layout includes back and forward navigation arrows and various straightforward drop-down menus. You can quickly access unique(predicate) resources for banking, scheduling bills, creating reports, investing, planning, and taxes. (1) Some other people have an issue with the software that it does not work on other Operating Systems and it wo rks unless on Windows. But you need to remember that Microsoft has been always favoring and livelihood its own Operating System, for someone who is used the interface of windows they will understand the enormous amount of hush up and advantages behind it when compared to other operating systems.Microsoft has a very efficient support system that will help guide the user to effectively use and exploit all the features. Support is of different types, by email, by chat, phone support, training such as audio and voice training and even personal one one teaching about the product, all this will help the user to gain confidence in using the product.The other reason why it is one of the best is because it is very simple to use. Not only that, it also is fast to setup, has a very full(a) user interface, which is easily undersas welld. It does not need too much of time to learn package. It covers practically all the areas of finance, accounting, bills payable, receivable, and many more o ther features. It has a good cash flow management model and above all it is highly customizable.Something that is required for different financial situations, individuals and companies. Besides this, it is also very convenient to carry around in a Pocket PC, a mobile or a smart phone. There are so many versions available that any individual is bound to find the one best suited for him. The package can be quickly be used anywhere and everywhere. For anyone who appreciates Microsoft products it is one of the best in financial planning and management when compared to the others. work CitedMicrosoft Money Home. Microsoft. In Microsoft Money Plus. November 23, 2007, http//www.microsoft.com/money/default.mspxComparison of Accounting Software. Wikipedia the free Encycolpedia. November 23, 2007, http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_accounting_softwareMicrosoft Money Plus Premium. Microsoft. In Microsoft Money Plus Premium. November 23, 2007, http//www.microsoft.com/money/ProductDetail s.aspx?pid=004active_tab=FeaturesYakal.Tame Your Money Woes. PC Magazine. Microsoft Money Premium 2007Review Date July,31, 2006. http//www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1759,1996582,00.aspMicrosoft Money Wikipedia the free Encycolpedia. November 23, 2007, http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_MoneyWenzel. Microsoft Money 2007 Review Cnet Reviews. Microsoft Money 2007 Premium.http//reviews.cnet.com/accounting-and-finance/microsoft-money-2007-premium/4505-6405_7-31982101.html?tag=sub

Science and Technology Essay Example for Free

Science and Technology EssayYan Wang (Corresponding author) School of scotchs and Management, Changchun University of Science and Technology 7989 Weixing Road, Changchun 130022, China Tel 86-431-8521-7930 twinge At present, the world economy is shifting to the model of fellowship-based economy, knowledge and applied science to scotch break upment has greatly exceeded the sum of the contribution of capital, labor and natural resources and become the most master(prenominal) frugal factors, scotch growth rely on scientific and expert progress than before, scientific and technical design is to a greater extent important than ever before, it is becoming the important causes and the most speak driving force of a kingdom or countrys economic growth and development. This paper starts from the meaning of regional scientific and technological progressive competence die the composition and upgrade mechanics of regional scientific and technological innovative competence.Ke ywords regional scientific and technological innovative competence, Composition, Upgrades mechanism 1. Introduction Since the Austrian-Ameri coffin nail economist Schumpeter put forward the concept what is a kind of innovative channelises in the drudgery function for the first gear time in Economic Development Theory which publish in 1912, and particularly emphasizes on economic changes, such(prenominal) as reduced costs, the economic balance broken, unforgiving competition and the economic cycle itself, should be mainly attribut up to(p) to transition , henceforth the asylum has been the hotspot of international study , but in different countries, different periods of time, it has been tending(p) to the different characteristics. 2. Meaning of regional scientific and technological innovation Regional scientific and technological innovation meanly that in the given region , under the regional context, accomplishment, engineering, education, economy and other factors sha pe the incorporate development mechanism, is the regional stratumation whose main ashes is enterprise and include local government, education and scientific research units, intermediary organizations.It relies on the strength of regional science and technology innovation, uses resources of regional scientific and technological innovation effectively, coordinates the inter-regional cooperation in science and technology and competition, and achieves efficient allocation of scientific and technological innovation resources (personnel, knowledge, inputs) and the structural optimization, upholds the extensive development of regional scientific and technological innovation and the application , promotion and popularization of innovative product. And then create and develop the competitive advantage to ensure regional economic development.Regional scientific and technological innovation ashes is the network which regional science and technology organizations, universities, business in teract and develop together. This innovative system has the main features of the system, but is open. The System bear the task of putting the high-tech science and technology into the development of regional economic variables, promoting the regional industrial structure modernization and optimization, so as to ensure regional economic and social sustainable development. From the practice of each regional economic development, the regional competitive ability especially the strength of sustainable competitiveness mainly depends on its scientific and technological ability.From the successful experience of authentic countries, generally the regional scientific and technological innovative competence should halt 8 parts, such as the capability of independent innovation, comprehensive utilization of extra-territorial technology, tag on of the innovative system, open up new food commercializes, worry innovation, development of new resources, coordination and advanced(a) mentation ability. 3.1 Capability of Independent Innovation To understand independent innovation, first of all, is a direction. It emphasizes that we need innovative thinking, based on our take strength, innovation as much as possible. At the same time, do not rule out studying others. Innovation can be divided into 3 categories (1) integration independent innovation, it is the organic integration of a variety of related technologies to form products and industries with market competitive (2) introduce or imitate innovation, based on the introduction of foreign advanced technology, to promote positively digestion, assimilation and re-innovation (3) originality independent innovation, that is, through their own new technology research and invention, and true a new or next generation products.Their Common ground is the unique core technology which has the intellectual airplane propeller and on the basis to form the value of new products. The capability of independent innovation is the reg ion (enterprises) use effectively innovative resources, establish a new technology platform or change the core technology and achieve independent intellectual property, so that the region will sustain to enhance its core competitiveness ability and begin sustainable competitive advantage in the market competition, in the process of technological innovation to express organic colligation of various ability. 3.2 competency of encom go through Utilization of Extra-territorial Technology Capacity of comprehensive utilization of extra-territorial technology mainly refers to the exterritorial appropriate technology. The questionable appropriate technology, not high-tech necessarily, as long as suiting the stage of regional economic development, to make the region access to sustainable development capacity through using and popularization of technology.Capacity of comprehensive utilization of extra-territorial technology indicates that the region under circumstances of lacking origin ality as individual, and attract the extraterritorial appropriate technology for its own using, the focus is on the basis of digestion and absorption, improvement and innovation or change the core technology to produce new products. However, because partial or minor changes, it is putting greenly difficult to gain to the patents and not have independent intellectual property rights. Comprehensive utilization of extra-territorial technology is a damp choice, such as the backward atomic number 18as implement catch-up strategy. 3.3 Capacity of the fork up of innovative system Regional scientific and technological innovation required system collaboration of the whole society and can not be separated from regulation and control of system norms and policy guidance and mount of government, such as a series of taxation, finance, industrial technology, personnel incentives.If no such systems and policies, technological innovations will no step. tool is as shown in Figure 1. 3.4 Capaci ty to Open Up New Markets Explicit manifestations of capacity of regional scientific and technological innovation are able to produce the high-tech, high value-added products which can meet market pick out and consumers agree to accept, and then through market exchange to successfully realize the value compensation. And Japans low-volume, diversification Toyota production model has been exceed Americas high-volume, low diversification the new winter system, and its drawbacks are that the production scale is belittled and production cost is high.Therefore, opening up new markets and expanding market size are imperative to obtain economies of scale. 3.5 Capacity of Management Innovation With the advent of a knowledge-based economy, science and technology change with each passing day, market competition is growing, complexity and difficulty of regional scientific and technological innovation is greater, so whether if can the government management system innovates with the time from t he government-funded, creation purchase, nail down orientation, the patent system, tax incentives, direct investment, and integration innovation, continue to management innovation and substantiate policies to encourage scientific and technological innovation are particularly important.3.6 Capacity to develop new resources Resources are the basis for regional economic development, and agelong cater of resources is the basis for sustainable development of the region. Throughout the regional resources system, the vast majority of resources (in particular, non-renewable mineral resources) lack flexibility in supply in the near future. Therefore, continue to develop new resources to provide sustainable supply of resources to promote regional sustainable economic development is one of main mission of regional scientific and technological innovation and also a main component of regional scientific and technological innovation competence. 3.7 Capacity of advanced thinking In economic dev elopment, we say the approximation is everything, and in science and technology innovation, we believe that advanced thinking decides everything. Since the difficulty of original innovation firstly, rely on the accumulation of knowledge secondly, rely on ardor of a handful genius.Where does inspiration come from? In fact, it comes from the advanced thinking ability of scientists. Scientists altogether have the advanced thinking ability can sudden blaze inspiration and to create original innovative, to produce a new product scientists only have the advanced thinking ability to be possible to set a variety of existing technologies form integrated innovation, and positive new improved products only have the advanced thinking ability can enhance its digestion and absorption capacity of imported technology, and on this basis to form introduction innovation, access to their own intellectual property rights. If government does not have an advanced thinking ability , will not be able to formulate scientific strategies for regional economic development, but also impossible to provide system supply in favor of scientific and technological innovation, would be impossible to upgrade the capacity of regional scientific and technological innovation.3.8 Capacity of Coordination Regions itself is a complex economic and social system, inside and outside of the region have a variety of economic and interest actors, in the course of economic operation, if let the market mechanism to allocate freely, there would exist the case of market failure, such as externalities and public goods, especially in science and technology innovation system to promote regional economic development. In nature, science and technology is a kind of public goods of strong spillover effects, free-rider phenomenon is more likely appear the external effects of scientific and technological achievements are also great and positive R D investment is great, but results and salary are uncertainty, so it i s a high-risk, high investment activity, only one or a few enterprises can not be completed. Therefore, the Government of the Organization Coordination ability is very important and necessary.4. Upgrade Mechanism of RegionalScientific and technological innovation Competence From economic development practice of developed countries such as the US and Japan, to keep the competitiveness of the regional economy than ever, using regional scientific and technological innovation to promote regional economic development. Therefore, we moldiness form upgrade mechanism of regional scientific and technological innovation capacity. Learning from international successful experience, generally we should do the following four areas4.1 bring to pass the Regional Scientific and Technological Innovation System Which Main body is enterprises Looking from outside mechanism, we must intensify system reforms to achieve separation of political from capital, separation of government from enterprises, rely on advantageous policies, legal protection and market incentives to turn enterprises into the investors, beneficiary, risk takers, main body of research and development, main body of decision-making of technological innovation, analysis from internal mechanisms, we must implement modern enterprise system, through system innovation, such as property rights system, incentive systems, organizational systems, to promote technological innovation through capital market to achieve enterprises strategic restructuring and the survival of the fittest, accelerate the technological transformation of traditional industries, establish the benefits and risk-driven mechanisms of technological innovation, promote large and medium-sized enterprises to establish a sound scientific research and development institutions, as soon as possible to form a number of large-scale enterprises group with independent innovation ability and to gather multi-national corporations change the approach that state-own ed enterprise managers appointed by the superior, and gradually establish and accurate the market infusion and wash out mechanism of enterprise managers, establish an effective entrepreneurship motivation, discipline and supervision mechanism, bring into joke fully the entrepreneurs soul and core role in technological innovation.4.2 Construct the Experts Community of Regional Economic Development In the era of knowledge economy, knowledge is the first resources or key resources of regional economic development, and people are carriers of knowledge who use knowledge to innovate and change the world we say the idea determines everything, the idea is wrong and then all are wrong, the idea refers to that of government leaders and entrepreneurs even if the region has more scientific and technological resources, if not to be organized reasonably and optimize the configuration, it can not form a strong scientific and technological innovation capacity of region to promote regional econom ic development, thus need the outstanding intellectual leader in knowledge fields. Therefore, in lodge to enhance the capacity of regional scientific and technological innovation, we must establish experts community of regional economic development.The key to harmony and unification management system is that government should strengthen communication and coordination. (1) Internal coordination chore of government departments. Government would understand more about the factors which affects capabilities of regional scientific and technological innovation and its role in their own scientific and technological innovation system. Summarize the successful experience of the applicable bodies and generalize them at other agencies, utilize new or existing forum, among government, enterprises, colleges and research institutions to discuss the common problems to influence on regional scientific and technological innovation system development (2) the problem of co-ordination amidst busines s and government. Try to recognize explicitly that there are partnership and common benefits between the support of regional science and technology innovation system of state-owned enterprises and the private sector, to enhance their mutual complementarily. At present, more and more activities of state-owned enterprises run out that of private sector.Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the coordination between them so that they can only work together for regional technological innovation system to make their own contribution (3) to strengthen regional peoples understanding of scientific and technological innovation system. Try to let people know the sizeableness of innovative activity, as well as the means by which the people to support innovation, improve the well-known degree of the award in the technological development field (4) to reinforce inter-regional and international cooperation, to strengthen acquaintance of the excellent Technology Center to encourage inter -reg ional and even cross-border cooperation in science and technology.4.4 Construct the perfect investment and financing system of regional scientific and technological innovation The upgrade of regional scientific and technological innovation capability depends on a great deal of R D inputs, no abundant risk capital, same as the car does not oil, the whole system of regional scientific and technological innovation are not functioning. And rely on pecuniary investment only, capacity is limited, or there would be Chinese Tsukuba situation if only rely on corporate investment, because the risks may be difficult to do so. Therefore, must be guided by government policies favoring to form a perfect, including government, financial institutions and non-governmental organizations, diversified, market-oriented, new-style risk investment and financing system.5. Conclusion In a word, each region should base on understanding of composition of regional scientific and technological innovative comp etence and its upgrade mechanism, combing with its own practice of regional economic development, to constitute the countermeasures to upgrade the competence. References Wang, Delu. (2000). Grow up of Region- Studies on Regional Innovation Theory and Cases. Beijing Aviation Industry Press. Wang, yan. (2007). Theoretical Research on Independent Innovation for Regional Economic Development D. PhD thesis.

Evaluate the Current State of the Economy Essay Example for Free

Evaluate the Current State of the thriftiness EssayLabor holdet conditions ar important especially for the following categories, affaires, individuals, and g all overnments. The nations toil market conditions atomic number 18 constantly monitored by statistical analysis, unemployment array being the primary metric. In April of 2014, the unemployment deem fell from 6.7% part to 6.3% pct (Bureau of Labor Statistics. may 2014), which was the last array since September of 2008. Since January the unemployment rate had been jolly flat, only if in April 2014 it dropped. However in April, the labor force additionally dropped by 806,000 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, May 2014) meaning the current ratio drop from 6. 7% to 6.3% comparatively remains approximately the same as the constant tr prohibit. In other words, because of the slack in workforce, the drop in unemployment may be partially a sequel of the minify in workforce.The consistent level of unemployment arrives le ans on AD and AS submit minor. When unemployment decreases, as it did in April, a correlation linking the drop in unemployment to an increased rent of goods and services stool be made. This increased demand requires the productivity of companies to increase to meet the supply deficit, creating more jobs for individuals. With a great demand for goods and services, there is a greater need for multitude to produce them, therefore a decrease in unemployment.Additionally, the decrease in unemployment means household income give improve, providing them with more liquid income. As mention above, because of the increase in demand (seen in the surrender in the unemployment rate), a direct correlation sack up be made to an increase in supply, though delayed. The increase in supply increases the number of modernistic employees as employers look to meet the demand for goods and services, shifting the AS turn to the right as well.In most cases unemployment remains constant, solely in US, the high unemployment rate (compared to the past) can have a invalidating effect on the parsimoniousness. The steady unemployment rate can void the supply of labor in the economy, as unemployed people become discouraged and stop sounding for jobs. This would shift the integrality supply diverge to the left. Also employers may use the threat of unemployment to cut wages, exploiting their workers.ExpectationsThe great intangible occurrenceor straight affecting the economy currently is peoples expectations for hereafter frugal egression. These economic expectations influence the economy greatly. If businesses and households are more optimistic about the early of the economy, they are more likely to buy large items and make new investments, increasing the merge demand. The AD can change in a variety of ways. Peoples expectations causes them to go past less or be forced to cut spending, it causes the organization to cut its spending, and it causes businesses to be m ore cash conscious when choosing what their investment in goods will be from other companies. As a gauge, many people look at the gross domestic product (GDP), the broadest measure of economic activity, which grew at a 0.1% one-year pace in the first quarter of 2014 (U.S. Bureau of scotch depth psychology, April 2014). This is slow growth compared to recent yearly pass judgment of 2% to 3% (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, April 2014).Many think the slowdown was caused by the huge winter felt throughout the country. These slow growth order shift both the AD and AS curves to the left, as consumers and business feel the affect or peoples wait and see spot in economy. Assuming this is all weather based, the economy should bounce as household moral improves with the tepid spring and summer weather. Consumer expectations are also reflected in their spending. Consumer spending rose 0.3 part last month subsequently a downwardly revised gain of 0.2 percent in January (Mutikani, Lucia, March 2014), positive for now, but on a larger scale reports show the slowdown in literal GDP growth is reflected in the downturn in exports.The exports of industrial supplies and materials as well as foods, feeds, and beveragesdeclined after increasing in the fourth quarter of 2013. (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, April 2014). Additionally, imports have also declined by 0.4 percent in April, after increasing 1.8 percent in the first quarter of 2014 (Bureau of Labor Statistics. April 2014). The April drop was the first monthly decrease since the index fell 0.9 percent in November 2013 (Bureau of Labor Statistics. April 2014). Import prices also fell 0.3 percent over the past 12 months and have not recorded a year-over-year advance since the index increased 0.9 percent from July 2012 to July 2013 (Bureau of Labor Statistics. April 2014).There drops in the US economy are felt in the household orbit through the implementation of monetary and physical policy which are used to combat economic declines which directly affect consumers expectation and spending habits.Consumer IncomeAs mentioned above, consumers are still buying things. Consumer spending continues to be a bright spot, growing at a 3% annual pace. (Mutikani, Lucia, March 2014). This occurred even though prices of goods and services bought by U.S. residents rose 1.4 percent in the first quarter, after rising 1.5 percent in the fourth quarter of 2013. Both energy prices and food prices turned up. Excluding food and energy, prices increased 1.4 percent in the first quarter after rising 1.8 percent in the fourth quarter (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, April 2014). This illustrates the shift in AD tow the right. Meaning consumers are willing to pay higher prices at current production rates.The increase in consumables indicates consumers have more disposable income to spend on goods and services, and they are not choosing to save. Personal income and personal saving statistic showing that pers onal income ad hardlyed for inflation and taxes increased 1.9 percent in the first quarter, compared with 0.8 percent in the fourth quarter of 2013 (Mutikani, Lucia, March 2014). Incomes also rose 0.3 percent last month after rising by the same margin in January. Additionally, inflation has remained low. combiningthese factors, consumer spending, price increases, low inflation, increased personal income, will inevitably be forecasted by business as index fingers to increase production. Increased production also increase supply, shifting AS to the right as business attempt to meet consumer demand.Interest RatesInterest rates in the United States are the lowest they have been in years. This indicates the policy and stance taken by the governance for lending money. The organization is try to entice consumers to file for loans as well as encourage banks to lend and approve loans. With sideline rates this low and consumer income increasing, one would expect consumers to increase th eir buying of more significant items.The aggregate demand curve shows, at various price levels, the quantity of goods and services produced domestically that consumers, businesses, and governments are willing to purchase. The increase in demand for low bear on loans would shift the AD curve as a shift to the right.Domestically, the federal Reserve expected to remain in a wait-and-see mode, hoping to get a clearer picture of U.S.s future economic strength (Kurtz, Annalyn, April 2014). Moreover, the Federal Reserve has been buying bonds to stimulate the U.S. economy on and off since 2008, but the central bank is now gradually bringing that program to an end. The withdrawal process is expected to reduce bond purchases to around $45 billion a month (Kurtz, Annalyn, April 2014), and this process potentially will shift the nations monetary policy to focus more on interest rates rather than lay outments to the monetary base.These changes to the interest rates will impact slap-up goods decisions made by consumers and by businesses. Lower interest rates will lower the costs of major products, such as houses, and will increase business capital project spending because of the reduction in long-term investment costs. Such changes will move the aggregate demand curve will down and to the right. But, in the event of an interest rate hike, the higher real interest rateswill make capital goods relatively more expensive and cause the aggregate demand curve to shift up and to the left.RecommendationsAmericas recent financial crisis and the anticipated future economic outlook can be traced rearwards to 2007 when the U.S. housing bubble burst. The bank failures created a dominoes affect, creating an economic meltdown in all sectors of the US economy. Despite government attempts to help the situation, the economy has slowed and has slipped in and out of recession. As a result, the current government policies have not been effective, creating hesitations in consumer spending.S ince 2008, the actions taken by the Federal Reserve have put the U.S.s economy in jeopardy. To stem the economic sneak of the U.S. housing collapse, the Federal Reserve has printed off trillions of dollars and has increased government spending in the economy hoping the inflow of cash will jump start economic activity. But is has had an inverse affect. This dilution of the monetary base has thin out the value of the U.S. dollar (USD) domestically and inter disciplinely and has caused concern of consumer spending in the loanable funds market.Consumer spending is a 69% of the US GDP (The World Bank, 2013). An increase in spending would stimulate additional demand for products. With an increase in demand, business would increase productivity resulting in an improved GDP and lower unemployment. Additionally, in 2014 one of the greatest uses of a consumers income is to pay health care costs. The Bureau of Economic Analysis noted that the increase in health care costs was driven primari ly by the implementation of the Affordable Care Act. Removing the Affordable Health Care Act will improve consumer spending, as their disposable income percentage will increase.When the financial crisis began in 2008, the U.S. national debt stood approximately at $10 trillion. Based on the US Treasuries own figures, the national debt will reach be close to $20.0 trillion by the end of this decade (US Treasury Department Treasury Direct, 2014), greater than our nations GDP. Reducing governmentdebt takes a long time, especially with the current international influences (China, Japan, EU). A fiscal policy to increased taxes and reduced government spending would be a place to start. Additionally, a reduction in monetary base will over again, strengthen the USD internationally, helping facilitate and increase import/exports. Part 2 Evaluation of RecommendationsKeynesian eyeshotBased upon the thorough analysis completed above, the Keynesian model is an appropriate mechanism for stimula ting an economy that is growing but at a much slower rate than what is typical during a level of economic expansion. After a couple of years of substantive growth, the numbers for the first quarter of 2014 showed a GDP increase of just 0.1%. date the unemployment numbers continue to show a decline. While mulishly remaining at 6.7% nationally through April, the most recent numbers show significant decline to 6.3%. The mortgage interest rates fell recently to 4.29% as the housing market has slowed down recently.While the Fed is beginning to slow down buying treasury bonds, it will continue to keep interest rates low until all signs point to GDP growth returning to a normal rate of 3.28% annually. Those numbers are indicative of annual GDP growth rates from 1948 to 2009. The first quarter of 2009 motto the economy shrink by nearly 5% following the market collapse and the bank bailouts just before President Obama took office. Subsequently, the bailout of GM and Chrysler in 2009 also impacted the economy as well, but was inevitable to save the industry and jobs in Detroit and elsewhere for parts manufacturers and suppliers. The risk of course was the loss of more than a million jobs, but in the end the loss was $10.5 billion in taxpayer money not repaid by GM.Classical Macroeconomic theory assumes that market conditions will sort themselves out, but the confluence of catastrophic economic issues such as the real estate market collapse, bank insolvency, the stock market collapse and the motorcar industry bailouts meant looking at long-term solutions wouldnot provide the confidence in the markets and consumers alike. Short-term or stop gap measures needful to stem the downward spiral to depression and economic contraction were and are required to right the economic ship. Keynesian economic theory is more prone to acceptance of government stimulus as it relied on government spending during economic downturns.They Keynesians believe that the economy is made up o f consumer spending, business investment and government spending and because of this, Fed monetary policy adjustments should be made to set ahead banks to make loans, businesses to invest in growth and expansion and consumers to have more buying power ascribable to lower interest rates. When consumer spending is decreasing, the Keynesian theory believes that the government spending can help with economic growth.The current course of action taken by the Fed and the President should be continued for the predictable future until economic conditions stabilize back to the norms over the last 60-plus years. Once GDP growth returns to expansionist highs and inflation begins to rise, there may be a need to take corrective action again to slow the economy down, but for now that is not an issue.Since economic growth is lacking, government intervention is needed to help regulate and jumpstart the economy. This will allow banks to lend more, businesses to invest more and households to spend more. It is authoritative for these three entities to do as such since it will help the economy grow and progress.Classical lieuA portion of the AS curve that is almost vertical is associated with a real GDP rate that fully employs a nations resources. At a rate of output, the nation has reached the limitation of its before long run capacity, so an attempt to increase employment or output beyond this rat would result only in a higher aver price level. The theory is built on the fact that in the long run, a nations move gradually and automatically moves toward full employment. This inexorable like stool toward full employment is theresult of supply and demand forces that cause prices (wages, interest rates, and exchange rates) to adjust so that markets clear. And after enough time, the market will settle the supply and demand in all markets, and thereby eliminate any imbalances, such as employment. Since many classical economists do not believe that government spending gives powe r to the public sector and decreasing the private sector, they do not fully carry with too much government spending as it exploits a lot of economic resources.Example recall a nation had excessive unemployment. Classical economist would agree that a major cause of the unemployment was an fair(a) real wage rate that was above equilibrium. At this wage rate the fall of labor supplied exceeds the amount demanded, resulting in unemployment. The excessive supply of labor would put downward pressure on real wages. go real wages would then have two reinforcing affects that acted simultaneously to bring the labor market back into equilibrium. First, lower real wages would increase the incentive for businesses to hire workers second, they would reduce the number of individuals in the workforce. For instance, or else of looking for work, some individuals might stay in school or remain homemakers. If real wages fell the amount of labor supplied would equal the amount demanded and unemplo yment would be solved. (Marthinsen, John E. (2007))The classical perspective emphasizes on the belief that government spending is detrimental to the economy and that the market itself is self-sufficient and can automatically adjust to increases and decrease of employment, consumer spending, business investment and so on. The current government policies have not been effective and when looking at it from this classical perspective, it might be necessary for the government to step back and let the mark equilibrate itself.ReferencesBureau of Labor Statistics. (April 2014), U.S. Import and Export Price IndexesRetrieved from http//www.bls.gov/news.release/ximpim.nr0.htmBureau of Labor Statistics. (May 2014), Labor durability Statistics from the Current Population Survey Retrieved from http//data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS14000000Conerly, Bill (2014) Economic Forecast 2014-2015 Looking Better With Help From rock oil And Gas Retrieved from http//www.forbes.com/sites/billconerly/2014/01/22/ec onomic-forecast-2014-2015-looking-better-with-help-from-oil-and-gas/Congressional Budget Office, (February 2014). The Budget and Economic Outlook 2014 to 2024 Retrieved from http//www.cbo.gov/publication/45010Kurtz, Annalyn, (April 2014). U.S. Economy Slows to Stall-SpeedRetrieved from http//money.cnn.com/2014/04/30/investing/gdp-economyMarthinsen, John E. (2007) Managing in a Global Economy Demystifying International Macroeconomics. Mason, OH Thomas SouthwesternMutikani, Lucia (March 2014). U.S. consumers addict spending, but sentiment slips. Retrieved from http//www.reuters.com/article/2014/03/28/us-usa-economy-idUSBREA2R0UB20140328The World Bank. (2013). Household final consumption expenditure, etc. (% of GDP)Retrieved from http//data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.CON.PETC.ZSU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, (April 2014). National Income and Product Accounts Gross Domestic Product First Quarter 2014 (advance estimate). Retrieved from https//www.bea.gov/newsreleases/national/gdp/gdp newsrelease.htm US Treasury Department Treasury Direct, (2014). Historical Debt Outstanding Annual 2000 2012 Retrieved from http//www.treasurydirect.gov/govt/reports/pd/histdebt/histdebt_histo5.htm

Funeral Cosmetic Surgery Essay Example for Free

Funeral Cosmetic Surgery EssayBeauty is your funeral Cosmetic cognitive process is defined as, cognitive operation performed to improve the appearance, rather than for medical reasons (Collins English Dictionary). Cosmetic procedure is a perilous procedure because some people acquire lifelong scars not only that, death could be in the equation. On the other hand, many women get enhancive surgery due to physical deformation or certain birth defects in efforts to cover up their embarrassing scars.Even though some cosmetic surgery butt joint be beneficial, the fact that death could be involved, is it worth it? Cosmetic surgery should be illegal because the number of death and deformation in the persons character are likewise great to risk any possible enhancements. We should not be allowed to get plastic surgery, implants, and liposuction because these things cause a person to become sick and then eventually die. Therefore we should warn the person about the constipation of cosmetic surgery is.According to Dr.Darshan Shah, a Mayo Clinic-trained board certified surgeon, Cosmetic Surgery it self genuinely carries very minimal risk if you put yourself in the hands of a qualified, certified cosmetic surgery specialist someone who has trained and devoted his or his career to the misrepresentation and inexperience of certain surgeons. (California wellness and Beauty) This article is saying that people are dying because there not looking up facts and instruction about the surgeon, but how much is of this idea is true?I recollect no matter who performs the surgery its always dangerous and has many life threatening consequences. Whether or not the surgeon is computable or bad the procedures should not be done and are unethical. First of all, cosmetic surgery cost a great deal of money. Breast augmentations are 3,797$, plenty Tucks are,332$, Butt Lifts are $7,904, Collagen Injections are $673 and palpebra surgery is $2,912, To me no amount of money is wo rth risking your life for. Not only that, I believe that people are beautiful the way they are, and that they dont need surgery to boost their self esteem.Individuals seek to conform to the social norm, and its apparent that they will go to any cost to rat that happen. When comes to unethical issues such as transgender cosmetic surgery, no it should not be allowed. In Fact, when they get these procedures they can die from anesthesia. In conclusion, when come to cosmetic surgery its dangerous overall even though youre getting medical reasons or even though you get Butt Lift or Tummy Tuck or Collagen injection , Overall cosmetic surgery is a dangerous ,harmful procedure that should be banned.

The Role of Entrepreneurship in Economic Development Essay Example for Free

The Role of Entrepreneurship in Economic Development EssayEuropean daybook of Business and Managementwww.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online)Vol 4, No.8, 2012 100 and support services to accelerate the development and modernisation of MSMEs, SMEDAN badly needed to rush acomprehensive infrastanding and knowledge of the population of MSMEs in the domain, their distribution by sphere of influences much(prenominal) as agriculture, manufacturing, services, trade, construction, mining, technology, etc, and their distribution by hoidenish and urban aras as sanitary as the level of vertical and horizontal linkages within and betweenvarious sectors of industry so as to access the level of industrial integration and the incidence of sub-contracting andits potential in giving a flip to industrial development. The census/survey will also enable SMEDAN to determine and quantify the study operating difficulties of MSMEsrelating to both market functions (such as de mand-pricing factors, supply factors, raw materials, technologyinfrastructure, etc) and policy environment as it relates to regulatory, motivator and support regimes.The overall benefits of the census/survey would hinge on the expected robust data and information, which SMEDAN wouldemploy as a basis for policy formulation, implementation and intervention, good developmental planning, vitaladvice on new investments, grow and robust aras, raw materials availability as well as available technology,available markets, available sources of funds and assistance.The survey good example is also expected to adequately equip and empower SMEDAN to effectively do the following,inter aliai. Map out effective strategies for revamping and reforming the MSMEs sub-sector with appropriatelyadvising the government on policy formulation and execution.ii. Recommend the right operators for various incentives and support by government including funding, be itloan, equity and grants.iii. Offer releva nt advisory services to state governments on how outflank to support and invigorate MSMEs in their domains bearing their peculiarities and circumstances in mind.iv. Identify viable projects for both topical anaesthetic and foreign investors in order to attract foreign investment.v.Identify viable projects with export potentials and also notice and advise on the appropriate foreignmarkets in order to boost foreign exchange earnings.vi. Identify and assess MSMEs critical requirements in the areas of capacity building, skills gap, knowledge,skills and process and liaise with the relevant institutions and agencies of government like the National PovertyEradication course of study (NAPEP), the Centre for Management Development (CMD), the National Directorate of Employment (NDE), etc.vii. Establish a befitting demarcation support centre for each state in the federation.viii. Facilitate the promotion and government patronage of gauge local products of MSMEs for either localconsumptio n or export or both. 4.1 A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN INDIAS SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES (SSIs) ANDNIGERIAS SMEs The magnitude of contributions as well as the impact of SSIs on the frugal growth and development of India ishighly signifi disregardt as evidenced by the following figures.The SSIs represent ninety-five part (95%) of the totalindustrial units in India, contribute forty-five pct (45%) of the total industrial output, account for eighty percent(80%) of all function in the industrial sector, and contribute thirty-five percent (35%) each of total exports and apprise-added by the entire manufacturing sector respectively in India. Between 1990 and 1991, SSI real growth inIndia recorded between a low of 7.1% in 1993/94 and a high of 11.3% in 1996/97.As a result of commitment and focus on SSIs and impelled by their all important role in the stinting development, thegovernment of India had as far back as in 1948 put in place, an effective and efficient industrial policy for devel oping SSIs such that by the year 2000, India had three (3) million SSIs with a production value of US$110billion, export volume of US$ 10billion and staff strength or physical exertion figure of eighteen (18) million.Eventhough SMEs performance in Nigeria shows that technology and monetary incentives had made little positive impact onthe sub-sector given the obvious lapses in implementation modalities as well as the constraining policy andinfrastructural environment, recent estimates maintain put the contribution of SMEs to total industrial employment in Nigeria at seventy percent (70%) and to total manufacturing output at 10 15 percent. SMEs in Nigeria have beenquite active in promoting the commit of local raw materials with many of them also engaged in the processing of localinputs into either intermediate or final products especially agro-allied and solid minerals products. Many SMEs havealso successfully espouse imported plant and machinery for local use and hence positi oning themselves as veritableEuropean daybook of Business and Managementwww.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online)Vol 4, No.8, 2012 101 tools for promoting technical expertise and development of indigenous entrepreneurship. The Nigerian SMEs aremostly resource-based and dispersed throughout the country (in urban, suburban and rural areas) and hence have tosome extent, facilitated the opening up of the rural areas, mitigated rural-urban drift, and significantly contributed to pauperism alleviation.The following represent a brief comparison between Nigerias SMEs and Indias SSIsi. Definition Nigerias SMEs cover enterprises with total cost of N20million excluding land and total employees of between 10and 300 people Indias SSIs are defined as units in the manufacturing, processing or preservation of goods with investment in plantand machinery not surpassing Rupees 10million ($210,000).The difference here hinges on the fact that India has no provision for medium scale enterprises their focus is on thereal sector thus excluding trading and services.(ii) Credit Dispensation In Nigeria, there are universal banks, development banks, and otherwise special institutions, which provide reference give-up the ghost butnot at subsidized rates. In India, there is a multi-agency system for credit flows term loans are provided by term lending institutions and puddleing capital is provided by commercial banks.(iii) Funding Arrangements In Nigeria, no minimum quantum of credits to SMEs is authorization anymore. In the past, a percentage of totalcredits used to be obligatory for SMEs. However, 10% of banks annual Profit Before Tax (PBT) is mandatory for equity investment in SMEs under the SMIEIS program. In India, 40% of total advances go to the antecedency sector, and 60% of net bank credit to the priority sector goes toSSIs.(iv) Management of funds invested in SMEs/SSIs In Nigeria, the funds can be managed directly, or through a subsidiary or through a v enture capital manager. In India, the credits to SSIs are driven need-based limits on liberal terms with level and profitability as key factorsand not link to security or collateral.Flexibility is the watchword with each activity assessed on its own merit.(v) Structure of BusinessesIn Nigeria, an SME must(prenominal) be a limited indebtedness company In India, an SSI could be a limited liability company, or a partnership or a proprietary firm.(vi) Incentives and support to the SME/SSI sector In Nigeria, it is mandatory for banks to set aside 10% of their annual profit before tax in support of SMEs. TheBank of fabrication (BOI) is expected to provide credits to SMEs but not on soft lending rates. It is altogether the NigerianExport upshot Bank (NEXIM) that provides soft loans to export oriented SMEs. In India, the incentive and support schemes available to SSIs are very much more elaborate and include official generaland organisational support as well as support by other agenci es.The nature and levels of key incentives and supportinclude but are not limited to the followingFrom the above, one can categorically affirm that the incentives and support given to SSIs by the government of India are quite wholesome and formidable. The tract of support and incentives provided by the government of Nigeria can in fact, be express to be insignificant when compared with those of India. It is thus less surprising, thedevelopment gap between the SSIs of India and the Nigerian SME sub-sectors and hence the significant role SSIs are playing in the economical growth and development of India. The continuous reinforcement of incentives and supportEuropean Journal of Business and Managementwww.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online)Vol 4, No.8, 2012 102 to SSIs by the government of India underscores the high degree of appreciation of the importance of the SSIsubsector to the future of the Indian economy.In Nigeria, there are relatively few SMEs in the fo rmal sector and many more in the informal sector. TheInternational Labour brass (ILO) has attempted to make some estimates of the contributions made to theeconomy by SMEs, including the informal sector, and believes that they account for over 60 percent of economicactivities and over 35 percent of urban employment4.2 RESEARCH DESIGNThe research design flak adopted in this work is the survey research technique. The survey approach appeared best suited for this work since it is not feasible to interview the entire population. Furthermore, in surveys, there arefixed sets of questions, and responses are systematically classified, so that quantifiable comparisons can be made.The sources of primary data were through questionnaires that were administered to the SMEs owner-manager andoral interview held with them. Secondary data were gathered from preliminary research work and studies that have beendone.METHOD OF DATA ANALYSISAppropriate descriptive statistical techniques such as freque ncy distribution and simple percentages were used tocharacterize the responses. The use of percentages analysis enables the figures in the research work which were inabsolute terms to be converted to real terms. The statistical tool facilitated the comparism of figures and standardizesdata, thereby reducing the difficulty of equivalence non standardized figures. It uses 100 as its base.An in-depth examination of the responses revealed that SMEs involved in manufacturing/assembling ventures rated poor infrastructure as their greatest challenge. Worst among the infrastructural problems facing the SMEs relates toelectrical energy supply, which is rather hydra-headed. In some groundss it is nonexistence in which case theentrepreneur has to provide his own energy supply.In other cases it is either epileptic in supply with incessantoutages with the ally damages to equipment or the voltage supplied is too low as to support the plant andmachinery in use for the respective operation. The increase in production cost emanating from inadequate electric power supply to SMEs is said to be enormous. These costs relate to loss in output due to down time as a result of power outages, cost of fixing damaged equipment resulting from outages, poor quality of products as a result of bumpy production process, the high cost of fuel to operate own generating plants, costs of maintaining and servicingthese generating sets. Respondents regretted the foiling they encounter daily from power outages adding that the plant and equipment they use, especially the locally fabricated ones, can hardly collect the shocks they are routinelysubjected to.FINDINGSSMEs have been fully recognized by governments and development experts as the main engine of economic growthand a major factor in promoting private sector development and partnership. The development of the SME sector therefore represents an essential element in the growth strategy of most economies and holds particular significancein t he case of Nigeria. SMEs not only contribute significantly to improved living standards, employment generationand poverty reduction but they also let about substantial domestic or local capital formation and achieve highlevels of productivity and capability.From a planning standpoint, SMEs are increasingly recognized as the principalmeans for achieving equitable and sustainable industrial diversification, growth and dispersal. In most countries,including the developed countries like Japan, USA, UK, etc, SMEs account for well over half of the total share of employment, sales, value added and hence contribution to GDP.A major gap in Nigerias industrial development process in the past years has been the absence of a strong and virileSME sub-sector. With over 120 million people, vast productive and arable farmland, rich variety of mineral depositsand other natural resources, Nigeria should have been a haven for SMEs. Unfortunately, SMEs have not played thesignificant and crucial role t hey are expected to play in Nigerias economic growth, development andindustrialization.